This is a Network Switch from TP-Link, model TL-SG1005D.
Device Function and License:
Port Expansion: It connects one Ethernet port from the main modem and distributes it to 5 high-speed network ports (Gigabit Ethernet) to connect more than one device with a single network cable.
Usage: It is typically used to connect multiple devices to the internet via cable in one location (e.g., PC, Smart TV, PlayStation/Xbox, or printer).
Operation Method: It works on a Plug & Play system, meaning as soon as power and network cables are connected, it starts working immediately without any settings or adjustments.